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Presentation skills Do’s & Don’ts

November 15th, 2007  |  Published in Blog, Conferences  |  16 Comments

Updated June 17, 2010

I have collected these tips from attending numerous events and conferences, for example:
The Future of Web Apps
in London.
Beyond the Printed Word
in Dublin
SIME, Disruptive Media and Hubbub in Stockholm
LeWeb3 and LeWeb08 in Paris
Moving Images Malmö
Rework the World in Tällberg

The first two had a conventional setup with a moderator who introduced the speakers, and then let the speakers talk for 20-40 minutes, most of them using Powerpoint to illustrate their talks. I found that the majority of the speakers had interesting things to communicate, but the way they performed their presentation effectively eliminated most of the value for me in the audience.

SIME used a different method, relying on a moderator that held discussions with 1-4 invited speakers on stage. I find this approach much better, as it tends to focus on the issues and not on the speakers and the history of their companies etc. But it of course puts a lot of responsibility on the moderator who must be able to distill the value out of each speaker, but Ola Ahlvarson did a great job of this at SIME. The only thing I missed was visuals, displaying the websites etc as they are discussed. Using a combination of voice, pictures, video and text is always preferrable.

Since so many conferences suffer from these problems I felt that I must share my thoughts on how to hone your presentation skills. Comments are welcome, please help me add to this list!

The importance of presentation skills
It is very sad that so many influential, bright minded presenters with a deep expertise in their fields lose their audiences due to their poor presentation skills. It is also about respect for the audience. People pay a lot of money and travel from far away to attend conferences, so their time should not be wasted. Both the organizers and the presenters need to do everything they can to add value to the audience, so here are some useful tips.

For the professional speaker

Do’s

  1. Think carefully before the event: what does this audience want to hear?
  2. Hint: they are not interested in hearing how great you or your company are, they want to learn new things that can make THEM more successful.
  3. Find a story about people (yourself and/or others) that illustrates your message and tell it with passion.
    Storytelling always beats lectures!
  4. Start by urging the audience not to take notes, say that you will post your presentation online immediately afterwards. The presentation that you post should be complemented by short texts, speaker notes describing your pictures (since you show very little text during your presentation!)
  5. Keep an eye contact with the audience, and move around the stage, don’t hold on to the speaker stand! Use a remote clicker to control your presentation. Remember that 70% of your communication is in your body language!
  6. Speak slowly to increase the understanding and respect for what you are saying. Never try to cram a 30 minute speech into a 20 minute time slot!
  7. Be visual, use pictures and videos that illustrate your points. Read my lips: less text, more visuals! You can do great presentations without any visuals,  but then you have to me a master storyteller.
  8. Avoid monotony by using variation and surprises in your slide styles during your presentation.
  9. Engage the audience! Ask questions and have them put their hands up. But don’t insult them with silly game play.
  10. Focus on 1, 2 or maybe 3 things that you want to talk about. Explain the problem you are working with and then tell the story and visualise the solution.
  11. Construct your presentation based on the classic drama: Start with a Set-up, then Present the problem(s), then proceed to the Confrontation and finally the Resolution. This has worked for thousands of years!
  12. Hire a speaker coach that helps you trim you body language and voice.
  13. Use a spell checker on all your slides. Takes only a minute, improves your image.
  14. Use a dark background on your slides, as it is easier to read for the audience and better for video cameras.
  15. If you present in another language than your native, consult a language tutor to improve your pronuncation as much as possible. Getting your message out is about being understood and respected.
  16. Test your presentation on other people beforehand and videotape yourself. Listen to their feedback and watch yourself: would you understand and appreciate your presentation?
  17. End by showing a slide with your contact details and the link to your documentation on your blog or on an internet service like Slideshare. This documentation should NOT just be your slides from the presentation! Instead post special slides with your highlights explained with relevant post-analysis for the audience. Make sure that all the links to web sites that you have mentioned are active.

Don’ts

  1. Don’t read word by word from your script. You will sound like a robot and miss the all-important eye contact with the audience. Instead use stiff cue cards with key words and starter sentences.
  2. Don’t talk too fast and try to cram a 45-minute presentation into a 30-minute time slot by speaking at machine gun pace. You might just as well stay at home.
  3. Don’t read from text bullets in Powerpoint. If you have to use text bullets, keep them very short and very few per slide, then first let the audience read it and then, on your own words, expand on the subject.
  4. Don’t use complete sentences in your slides. Your voice shall tell the story and the slides shall only support it.
  5. Don’t start talking immediately on top of your slides. Let the audience interpret the slide for a while, then add your comments.
  6. Don’t use hard-to-read fonts or garish backgrounds that obscures the text.
  7. Don’t use cute or unusual photos that are not illustrating exactly what you are talking about. It distracts the audience, nobody will hear what you are saying.
  8. Don’t use effects, such as texts that fly into the slide or ANY other disturbing transitions. You’re not running an amusement park, the interesting stuff should be in your content, not in your fireworks.
  9. Don’t waste you audience’s time by presenting the history and organization of your organisation. Unless it is essential in order to understand your presentation, which is very seldom.
  10. Don’t mention tips like “be sure to check out the website www.fancynewstuff.com, it has great features” without displaying a slide with both a picture of the web site and the URL in big letters + a note stating that the URL will be in your posted presentation.
  11. Don’t hide behind the computer or speaker stand. Make sure the audience sees you and maintain eye contact with them.

See also my post “Time for Conferences 2.0“.
I also recommend the presentation: Death by Powerpoint, it is useful!


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  1. Tomas B says:

    November 15th, 2007 at 21:53 (#)

    Hello Henrik – really interesting reading. I think that you are totally on the right track regarding less PPT and more hands on discussions. Although I belive that the format might vary dependent on the presentation setting, I have seen some really interesting ppt’s. So adding another bullet to your do’s would be more illustrations /pictures and less bullets. Many thanks / Tomas B

  2. Johan says:

    November 15th, 2007 at 22:31 (#)

    Henrik,
    That is a very efficient way of expressing how to do it and how to not do it.
    Instructions for presentations. Perhaps a version to have in the mobile phone, or to print on a piece of paper.
    Paper!? Did I just write “paper?”
    Your conferences were all about the web, le web – rite?
    Johan

  3. Christian says:

    November 16th, 2007 at 13:26 (#)

    I really liked this one. If u ever is going to have presentation..one shoud read this first!

    Really valuable information!

  4. Jonas Blind Höna says:

    November 21st, 2007 at 11:21 (#)

    Many excellent points – thank you Henrik!

    I was at Internetdagarna and was again amazed (and bored stiff) over speakers with slides with 15 paragraphs of 10 pt Arial-text … and then a red line around the three last unreadable paragraphs, with the comment “these are probably the most important”..!!!

    I confess that I use too many slides, and rely on text to much, in my presentations. But I’m trying to get more visual.

    However, I think that variation and contrast are important to a good presentation. For example, if a number of slides have been visuals or keywords, a slide with a single complete sentence – perhaps as a major conclusion, in bold, great type! – will be a stark and sudden contrast.

    You could then let this slide speak for itself in complete silence for a while as a contrst to using your voice the rest of the time.

    It’s always good to surprise the listener with the unexpected element. Like ONE single moving image/text/transition, at the appropriate moment. A little drama is efficient!

    And could there be different optimal ppt-styles for different genres? If your aim is pure propaganda, convincing the audience – are there some styles more suited for that? If you want a true discussion, is another style better? If you just want to tell a story, give the numbers?

    There was a good book on graphic design by Bob Gill, called “Forget all the rules about graphic design. Including this one.” I have always liked that zen-like approach. If you forget “this one”, the you should follow the rules. Including the rule that says you shouldn’t follow the rules …! :-)

  5. Guide till en fantastisk föreläsning | weconverse says:

    January 14th, 2008 at 02:34 (#)

    [...] speciellt tack till Henrik Ahlén och hans kommentar om hans råd till föreläsare och arrangörer som fick mig att gå från tanke till handling när det gäller den senaste [...]

  6. Richard GatarskiNo Gravatar says:

    January 14th, 2008 at 02:39 (#)

    Henrik, an excellent range of things to keep in mind! In turn I published a “guide” about presentations (http://www.weconverse.com/guides/presentationsteknik-sv/, in Swedish).

  7. AidenNo Gravatar says:

    April 11th, 2008 at 06:45 (#)

    My first internet- experience was not successful. But anyway I keep posting from time to time. All information online is for people to discuss. I think this is the most important thing why internet is so popular everywhere

  8. HannaNo Gravatar says:

    April 17th, 2008 at 19:16 (#)

    Thank you for your good advices.
    This is also a way of using ppt for your presentation. Impressive! http://identity20.com/media/OSCON2005/

    /Hanna

  9. Henrik AhlenNo Gravatar says:

    April 17th, 2008 at 19:25 (#)

    Hanna: I agree that the Identity 2.0 presentation is impressive, but I do not think it is an effective way of communicating a message.

    The stream of images totally overwhelms the content that the presenter wants us to understand. This is eye candy and not a professional way of presenting.

    I am all for using illustrative pictures with little text, as opposed to bullet-text filled slides. But every image must support the message.

  10. Presentation Skills TrainingNo Gravatar says:

    February 10th, 2009 at 12:52 (#)

    Excellent tips. Thanks a lot for that. Especially number 10 in do’s: the classic drama structure. This gives the whole presentation some dynamics. And prevents the audience to drift off to somewhere else in their minds.

  11. Time for Conferences 2.0 :: Alfa Bravo says:

    March 15th, 2009 at 21:10 (#)

    [...] See also my post on “Presentation skills Do’s and Don’ts“. [...]

  12. Updated Presentation skills :: Alfa Bravo says:

    June 4th, 2009 at 21:32 (#)

    [...] I updated my post “Presentation Skills Do’s and Don’ts“, check it out!                [...]

  13. A few other blog articles you might enjoy: | Presentation Training Blog says:

    September 2nd, 2009 at 21:18 (#)

    [...] Presentation skills Do’s & Don’ts :: Alfa Bravo – Articles “>green during their speech, yellow when it is 60 seconds left and red when their time is out. And when their time is out, have the moderator step in and make a short summary and then get them off the stage immediately ! Letting speakers run over is an insult to both the other speakers and the audience. Don’t waste everybody’s time by reading a thank-you list of sponsors, speakers and volunteers. [...]

  14. Kristin ThompsonNo Gravatar says:

    September 7th, 2009 at 14:15 (#)

    Great tips! Just following this guidelines alone could really help improve a presentation. Anyone new to presenting should review each suggestion before hitting the stage.

    I particularly enjoyed your tips for a seminar organizer. Great ideas to help the flow, and appear more organized! Having online participants able to join in the discussion….very cool.

    You might enjoying checking this out… there is free advice and presentation training….oh and a link to a REALLY GREAT T.E.D. presentation that I think you would enjoy.

    Its pretty cool: http://www.presentationgravity.com

    be well!
    Kristin

  15. Daniel KjellssonNo Gravatar says:

    November 18th, 2009 at 21:44 (#)

    Love this post. Thereäs a lot of conferences out there, but too few to edit/lead/council them (and their staff).

  16. Updated conference and speaker tips :: Alfa Bravo says:

    June 18th, 2010 at 16:14 (#)

    [...] have now expanded and updated these two posts: Presentation skills Do’s and Don’ts and Conferences Do’s and [...]

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